Malaysia is estimated to produce 39% of the world’s palm oil, making it the second largest producer globally.
Forest fires in Indonesia and Malaysia are increasingly due
to anthropogenic factors such as land clearing for palm oil plantations, but
can also be a product of climatic conditions such as El Nino dry seasons. The area is affected by climate oscillation El
Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) which affects the region in terms of
dry-season where rainfall and periods of prolonged drought can lead to forest
fires. Peatland has a high carbon content and therefore releases vast amounts
of greenhouse gases, more
than 300 megagrams of carbon per hectare in some tropical areas.
Ocean-atmosphere
climate interaction leading to warm water in the Pacific Ocean. The
opposite phase of El Nino is La Nina, and these episodes are sporadic but occur
every 2 to 7 years on average. Changes in climatic forcing have altered the
extent of the impacts of these oscillations – combined with increasing
anthropogenic forcing, what will be the climate consequence?
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